u--1: Lagrange ZK Prover

Lagrange ZK Prover Network AVS on EigenLayer

Lagrange ZK Prover Network

Total restaked ($)
info
Total value of restaked assets (excluding EIGEN)
:
$8.91B
ETH restaked
info
Total restaked beacon ETH and LSTs, denominated in ETH
:
3,357,793.328
Total operators: 85
Total stakers: 53,060
Weekly rewards
info
Total weekly rewards shared between restakers
:
none

What is Lagrange ZK Prover Network?

Decentralized network for reliable generation of different ZK proofs with high liveness guarantees

Twitter, Website, Contract, EigenLayer

address: 0x22cac0e6a1465f043428e8aef737b3cb09d0eeda

Risk analysis (beta)
risk analysis by tokensight

AVS

Business Model

Pure Wallet
low risk

"Pure Wallet" is an EigenLayer AVS business model (the most secure one for newborn protocols) where no native AVS token is involved, and user fees are paid in a purely neutral denomination (like ETH). Currently, it appears that Pure Wallet is the model adopted by Lagrange, though further details are lacking.

Protocol Security

Code Audits & GitHub Code Coverage
low risk

Three successive audits performed by one entity. Although an overly qualitative metric, different entities performing audits would be advised.

The code coverage for this AVS is very high, although not publicly disclosed.

view audits

Operator Profile

Reputation & Entrenchment Status
high risk

Since we are at the very early stages of EigenLayer, operators' reputation was classified as unknown. Operator's entrenchment level indicates how entrenched Lagrange ZK Coprocessor's operators are on other AVSs. The small number of AVSs currently live helps exacerbate this risk, in a pooled security context.

All AVSs are assigned a high operator profile risk at this early stage.

view full operator list

Lagrange ZK Coprocessor Protocol

ZK Coprocessor & Verifiable Database

Database Replication & Query Processing Security
low risk

Lagrange’s ZK Coprocessor indexes and processes the storing of the original database at each block and, through zero-knowledge computations, provably “inserts” this data into a replicated Verifiable Database, which then supports efficient and provable queries. These queries run in parallel over this new database when external protocols/applications request it.

Provers are rewarded for timely and valid proof generation.

Prover Network Profile

Decentralization & Security Status
low risk

The Coprocessor uses the MapReduce framework along with ZK proofs (zkMapReduce) to ensure the correctness of distributed computations across nodes to handle large-scale databases efficiently and in parallel by dividing it into chunks. Each node generates proofs for their assigned chunk, which are then recursively combined into a single proof, validating the entire process.

Even in the case of a 2/3 stake attack toward the Prover network, ZK-proof generation is not affected; only slight liveness issues may occur.

Being structured as a pure ZK system, Lagrange ZK Coprocessor is extremely airtight toward potential safety exploits.

Degree of decentralization in the sequencer and the overall Prover network are unknown.

Have a question or feedback about AVS risks? Get in touch.

Operators for Lagrange ZK Prover (top 30)

# operator group TVL ETH EIGEN
1
ether.fi ether.fi
info
ether.fi-1 - Pier Two (264K ETH)
ether.fi-2 - P2P.org (260K ETH)
ether.fi-4 - Finoa (204K ETH)
ether.fi-3 - DSRV (189K ETH)
ether.fi-11 - Validation Cloud (158K ETH)
ether.fi-6 - A41 (116K ETH)
ether.fi-5 - Cosmostation (83K ETH)
ether.fi-8 - DSRV (73K ETH)
ether.fi-7 - Chainnodes (63K ETH)
ether.fi-12 (45K ETH)
ether.fi-9 - Nethermind (34K ETH)
ether.fi-10 - Node.Monster (11K ETH)
$3.99B 1.50M 5.68M
2
Puffer Puffer
info
Puffer - P2P (162K ETH)
Puffer - InfStones (34K ETH)
Puffer - Hashkey Cloud (23K ETH)
Puffer (22K ETH)
Puffer - A41 (17K ETH)
Puffer - CoinSummer (16K ETH)
Puffer - Everstake (16K ETH)
$769M 290K 1.49M
3
P2P.org [all AVS] P2P.org
$744M 280K 19.8M
4
Eigenpie by P2P.org Eigenpie by P2P.org
$624M 235K 845K
5
Kelp Kelp
info
Kelp by Luganodes (120K ETH)
Kelp by Kiln (104K ETH)
$593M 224K 59K
6
Renzo Renzo
info
Renzo by P2P.org (61K ETH)
Renzo by Pier Two (55K ETH)
Renzo by HashKey (55K ETH)
Renzo by Luganodes (46K ETH)
$575M 217K 0
7
EigenYields EigenYields
$413M 155K 8.96M
8
InfStones Enterprise InfStones
$257M 97K 4K
9
Swell Swell
info
Swell - InfStones (29K ETH)
Swell - Luganodes (9K ETH)
Swell - P2P (9K ETH)
Swell - Everstake (9K ETH)
Swell - A41 (9K ETH)
Swell - Chorus One (8K ETH)
Swell - Finoa (8K ETH)
Swell - Pier Two (8K ETH)
$229M 86K 2K
10
Kiln Kiln
$110M 41K 20.1M
11
Staked Staked
$107M 40K 1.74M
12
InfStones InfStones
$97.7M 37K 1.42M
13
CoinSummer Labs CoinSummer Labs
$96.4M 36K 86K
14
AltLayer AltLayer
$86.5M 33K 2.32M
15
stakefish
$54.6M 21K 314K
16
HashKey
$45.6M 17K 148K
17
Black Sand
$38.5M 15K 74K
18
Nethermind
$22.5M 8K 629K
19
Coinbase
$20.3M 8K 31.7M
20
Chorus One
$19.7M 7K 480K
21
Luganodes
$18.0M 7K 2.86M
22
Allnodes
$16.1M 6K 233K
23
A41
$14.3M 5K 18K
24
Polkachu
$9.18M 3K 40K
25
Antalpha
$8.49M 3K 0
26
Aestus
$8.22M 3K 37K
27
0Y
$6.73M 3K 477K
28
Pier Two
$4.20M 2K 95K
29
Staking4All
$2.34M 882 166K
30
01node
$2.21M 833 3K

Research