Dual Staking involves moderate risk as it relies on both ETH restakers and OMNI native token stakers, adding complexity to token security and value dynamics. Omni features a Dual Quorum system, where two independent quorums (ETH quorum + Omni quorum) attest to the accurate relaying of messages. Both quorums must be compromised for Omni to fail.

The Relayer generates Merkle multi-proofs for efficient XBlock submission and verification. It is fully permissionless once their authenticity is assured by the network, making it a decentralized service. Currently, there is no track record of its decision-making based performance in submitting XMsgs to destination chains.

A DA solution is recommended to address complex verification and increased computational cost of validator signatures and Merkle multi-proofs at scale.

CometBFT is adopted as the battle-tested, sub-second finality BFT mechanism, ensuring liveness within the network. It uses ABCI++, an advanced version of the Application Blockchain Interface, which supports and improves compatibility with DApps, thereby reducing bug susceptibility and network latency.

TEE, DVT, shared sequencing, and pre-confirmation solutions for more secure XMsg cross-rollup fast-finality would all be worth considering.